Garmin GNC 250XL Manual do Utilizador

GNC 250XLPilot’s Guide and Reference250xl manual 2 7/17/98 1:26 PM Page i

MThe message key is used to view system messages. This key is also used toaccess the GNC 250XL’s unit settings. See Section 6 for more informationon m

Operating mode pageAPPENDIXCSIMULATORSelecting the simulator mode.The GNC 250XL’s simulator mode allows you to plan and practice flights in yourhome a

APPENDIXCSIMULATOREntering an initial position reference.Database Confirmation PageTo enter an initial position reference by waypoint identifier:1. Ro

APPENDIXDMESSAGES &ABBREVIATIONSAltitude input fail - The altitude serializer input is not available forthe GNC 250XL. Check the I/O settings and

Configuration reset - The GNC 250XL has detected a failure in itsinstallation configuration memory. Data fromthe user memory has been used to reset th

Memory battery low - The battery that sustains user memory is lowand should be replaced by an authorizedGARMIN service center as soon as possible.Fai

RAIM not available - The GNC 250XL is unable to cross-check itsposition using RAIM. You may continue tonavigate using visual flight rules. Your positi

Searching the sky - The GNC 250XL is in the search-the-skymode. Allow the unit to complete data col-lection before turning it off.Start altitude chng

APPENDIXDMESSAGES &ABBREVIATIONS97This section of Appendix D provides a complete list of GNC 250XL abbreviations andtheir meanings.ALT- AltitudeAP

APPENDIXDMESSAGES &ABBREVIATIONS98ILS- Instrument Landing SystemIG- Imperial GallonsINT- Intersection WaypointJET A- Jet Fuel - Type AJET B- Jet

APPENDIXDMESSAGES &ABBREVIATIONS99RNWY- RunwayRSTCD- RestrictedRSV- ReservesRTE- RouteRX- Receive OnlySAR- Search And RescueSEC- SecondsSEQ- Sequ

The GARMIN GNC 250XL is a powerful navigational tool that provides pilots with accuratenavigational data and communication capability, along with a ho

APPENDIXESPECIFICATIONSWhenever the GNC 250XL is connected to theoptional remote battery pack and power from themaster switch is lost, the unit will r

APPENDIXFMAP DATUMSAppendix FMap Datums101ADINDAN Ethiopia, Mali, Senegal,SudanAFGOOYE SomaliaAIN EL ABD 1970 Bahrain Island, Saudi ArabiaANNA 1 ASTRO

APPENDIXFMAP DATUMS102LUZON PHILIPPINES Philippines (excluding Mindanao Isl.)MAHE 1971 Mahe IslandMARCO ASTRO Salvage IslandsMASSAWA Eritrea (Ethiopia

APPENDIXGINDEX103Appendix GIndexAAbbreviations 97-99Accessory list iiiActivating a route 67Activating a route in reverse 67Active frequency 3, 33Activ

APPENDIXGINDEX104Direct-to cancelling 9,63Direct-to key vii,5,63Direct-to navigation 62-64Display contrast 81Display mode 81Displaying airports 77Disp

APPENDIXGINDEX105Nearest airport 9,57,79Nearest SUA 58Nearest waypoints 9,57OOBS 74Offset navigation 70Orientation 15Outer knob viiiPPacking list iiiP

APPENDIXGINDEX106UUnit settings 75-86Units of measure 83User data cards 87User waypoints 38,48-51,53VVertical navigation (VNAV) 26-27Volume vii,35VORs

250xl manual 2 7/17/98 1:33 PM Page 107

© 1997 GARMIN Corporation1200 East 151st Street Olathe, KS 66062GARMIN (Europe) LTDUnit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Industrial Estate, Romsey, SO51

The satellite status page shows the ID numbers forthe satellites and the relative signal strength ofeach satellite received. Turn the K knob to viewad

While the GNC 250XL is acquiring a position, let’s take a minute to dial in theactive and standby frequencies you’ll be using for the first phase of y

The map page combines a moving map displayand navigation data for complete situationalawareness.TAKEOFF TOURPosition PageThe navigation communications

The GNC 250XL uses direct point-to-point navigation to guide you from takeoffto touchdown in the VFR environment. Once a destination is selected, the

CDI page with ‘trk’ and ‘eta’ displayed.TAKEOFF TOURCDI & Map PagesCDI page with ‘brg’ and ‘trk’ displayed.In addition to the destination field an

The map display occupies the right side of the display. Your present position is indi-cated by a plane symbol (in track up mode) or a position diamon

The map display has 14 available ranges from 0.5 to 300 (nautical miles, statute milesor kilometers) representing the vertical height of the map. The

Once a direct-to is activated, the CDI page will provide navigation to the destina-tion until the direct-to is cancelled or another direct-to destinat

250xl manual 2 7/17/98 1:26 PM Page ii

To view additional nearest airports, rotate theK knob.To review a nearest waypoint, highlight the identi-fier and press E.Once the nearest airport (or

Section 1 Navigation KeyThe GNC 250XL features seven navigation pages to provide various position,course, speed, status and planning information. The

The TO/FROM arrow indicates whether you areheading to (an up arrow) the waypoint or ifyou’ve passed the waypoint (a down arrow).The CDI page will disp

The following functions may be displayed in the ground speed field:• gs— Your present speed over the ground.• str— Steer direction and distance, or

To change any of the selectable fields on the CDI page:1. Press Ctwice to activate the cursor in the GPS window.2. Rotate Oto highlight the field you

The map display occupies the right side of the display and shows your positionrelative to nearby airports, navaids, user waypoints and airspaces. Dif

Navigation data is also provided on the map page to guide you during your flight.The destination waypoint name and desired track (dtk) appear on the l

If a frequency has sector or altitude restrictions, the frequency will be followed bya ‘brg?’ indication.To view restrictions on a frequency:1. Press

Position page displaying MSA.SECTION1NAV KEYPosition PageThe same position page displaying ESA. MSA andESA are computed based on data stored in theNav

The position page also features a reference waypoint field, located at the bottomof the page, to indicate your bearing and distance from a selected wa

iINTRODUCTIONForewordSoftware Version 2.01 or above© 1997 GARMIN Corporation1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062-3426, USAGARMIN (Europe) LTD,

Satellite status page with ‘EPE’ displayed.Estimated Position Error (EPE) gives an overallmeasure of your position accuracy in feet ormeters.SECTION1N

To change the DOP/EPE field: 1. PressNand rotate Oto display the satellite status page. 2. If the desired field (EPE or DOP) is not displayed, press C

Viewing individual satellite information.SECTION1NAV KEYSatellite Data PageThe second and third lines of the satellite status page provide the satelli

In addition to the other five pages, the GNC 250XL features two menu pages toperform a host of planning and navigation functions. NAV Menu 1 provides

The density altitude/true airspeed function is also accessed from NAV Menu 1.Density altitude is the theoretical altitude at which your aircraft will

To perform fuel planning operations:1. Press Nand rotate Ountil NAV Menu 1 is displayed.2. Press Ctwice and rotate Ountil ‘Fuel Plan?’ is highlighted.

Winds aloft pageSECTION1NAV KEYWinds Aloft &VNAV FunctionsVertical navigation pageThe GNC 250XL’s winds aloft function is used to calculate the tr

You will now notice that the vertical speed has been calculated, based on yourpresent speed. If you desire a more rapid climb or descent rate:8. Use K

To execute a checklist:1. Press Nand rotate Ountil NAV Menu 1 is displayed.2. Press Ctwice and rotate Ountil ‘Chklist?’ is highlighted. Press E.3. Use

When the count down timer reaches zero, you will be informed with a ‘Timerexpired’ message. The timer will then begin to count up, displaying the time

CAUTIONThe Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government,which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The sys

Enter the time and date for RAIM prediction.SECTION1NAV KEYRAIM PredictionRAIM available for the entered time, date andwaypoint location.The RAIM Pred

The scheduler function will display reminder messages (such as ‘Change oil’, ‘Switchfuel tanks’, ‘Overhaul’, etc) after a specified time has elapsed.

Sunrise/sunset planning page showing UTC (Zulu)sunrise and sunset times for ‘KROG’.SECTION1NAV KEYSunrise/SunsetCalculations32The GNC 250XL’s sunrise/

Section 2Communicating with the GNC 250XLThe GNC 250XL features a digital VHF radio that provides a seamless transitionfrom communication to navigatio

To auto-tune from the nearest airport page, press E.SECTION2COMM FEATURESOverviewAuto-TuningTo select a frequency from a list, highlight thedesired fr

To auto-tune a frequency from a list displayed in the GPS window:1. Press Ctwice to activate the cursor in the GPS window.2. Rotate Oto highlight the

The emergency channel (121.50) will appear inthe active field by pressing @ for more than two seconds.SECTION2COMM FEATURESEmergencyChannel SelectionT

Section 3 Waypoint and Database InformationThe GNC 250XL uses a Jeppesen NavData® card to provide position and facilityinformation for thousands of ai

The waypoint menu page allows you to select thedesired waypoint type (or category).SECTION3WPT KEYWaypoint Categories& Menu PageThe airport positi

After a waypoint category is selected, information for a waypoint may be viewedby entering the identifier or name of the desired waypoint. Airports, V

Accessories & Packing ListCongratulations on choosing the finest, most advanced panel mount VFR GPSCOM available. The GNC 250XL represents GARMIN’

If the city or facility name information is too longto fit the screen, the name will scroll across thepage every few seconds so the complete name canb

The GNC 250XL features five airport pages:airport identification— allows entry of desired airport by identifier, facility name or city; displays regio

SECTION3WPT KEYAirportPosition Page1 2 3654The airport position page displays the latitude, longitude and elevation of theselected airport, as well as

The airport communication page displays the radio frequencies and usage forthe selected airport, as well as sector and altitude restrictions.To view t

The airport runway page displays runway designations, length, surface andlighting for the selected airport, as well as ILS/localizer and/or pilot-cont

VOR InformationThe GNC 250XL features three VOR waypoint pages:VOR identification— allows entry of desired VOR by identifier, facility name or city; d

NDB InformationThe GNC 250XL also uses identification, position and comments pages for NDBinformation. The NDB waypoint pages are used in the same man

Intersection InformationThe last database waypoint category available is intersections. Two intersectionpages are available: intersection position and

User Waypoint InformationIn addition to the airport, VOR, NDB and intersection waypoints contained in yourNavData® card, the GNC 250XL allows you to s

If the waypoint identifier entered does not exist, you will be prompted to select amethod to enter the new waypoint’s position into memory. If the way

INTRODUCTIONWarrantyTo obtain warranty service, see your local dealeror call the GARMIN Customer Service departmentfor a returned merchandise tracking

Entering a user waypoint by referencing anotherwaypoint.SECTION3WPT KEYReference WaypointsTo create a user waypoint from your present posi-tion, leave

The GNC 250XL’s AutoStoreTMfunction provides another method of creatinguser waypoints. AutoStore is used to instantly capture your present position as

Proximity waypoints pageSECTION3WPT KEYProximity WaypointsProximity alarm message. Pressing N will display the position page with the bearing and dis

The third page available from the GNC 250XL’s Wkey is the user waypointlist, which can be used to quickly scan, review, rename or delete user waypoint

Entering waypoint comments.SECTION3WPT KEYWaypoint CommentsWaypoints with comments pageThe last page available through the GNC 250XL’s Wkey is the way

The GNC 250XL’s extensive waypoint database makes it possible for several way-points to share the same identifier. To ensure that you are selecting th

Possible messages for locked waypoints.SECTION3WPT KEYLocked WaypointsWaypoint ScanningTo blank a waypoint field, highlight the field andpress the \ k

Section 4 Nearest WaypointsThe GNC 250XL’s Tkey provides detailed information on the nine nearest airports,VORs, NDBs, intersections and user waypoint

The nearest waypoints for other categories (VORs, NDBs, etc.) may be viewed by rotating O. Rotating Ocontinuously to the left will stop page selection

To view the SUA alert page:1. Press the Tkey.2. Rotate Oone stop to the right to view the SUA alert page.The SUA alert page contains the following inf

PART ONE: INTRODUCTIONForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iCautions . . . .

SUA alert pageSECTION4NRST KEYSUA MessagesFrequency information for SUA. If the informa-tion is too long to fit on the display, the GNC250XL will auto

All SUA alert messages except for prohibited areas may be turned on or offthrough the GNC 250XL’s unit settings options, found under the Mkey (see pag

SECTION5DIRECT-TO& ROUTE NAVSection 5 Direct-to & Route NavigationOne of the many benefits of GPS navigation is the ability to fly directly to

The GNC 250XL’s direct-to function provides a quick method of setting a courseto a destination waypoint. Once a direct-to destination is activated, th

The waypoint sequencing field, located at the bottom left of the direct-to confirmation page,allows you to ‘hold’ on a selected route waypointand prev

21453The GNC 250XL lets you create up to 20 routes (numbered 0 through 19), withup to 31 waypoints each. Routes are created, copied and edited through

Selecting the route edit function.SECTION5ROUTESCreating &Editing RoutesAdding a waypoint to route 2.The route action field, located at the top ri

To delete a waypoint:1. Rotate Oto highlight the waypoint you wish to delete.2. Press \to remove the name, then press Eto delete.3. Repeat steps 1 and

Calculating closest point of approach.SECTION5ROUTESCopying RoutesCPA FunctionClosest point of approach to ‘TXK’.The route action field also features

The GNC 250XL’s search and rescue function provides navigation guidance forsearch and rescue operations, navigating in a ladder pattern to maximize co

INTRODUCTIONTable of ContentsSection 6: Messages and Unit Settings ( Mkey) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75Appendix A: NavData®and User Data Car

SECTION5ROUTESParallel TrackOffset NavigationParallel TrackDuring route navigation, it is sometimes desirable to navigate a specified distanceaway fro

Flying and Modifying the Active RouteOnce a route has been created and activated, the GNC 250XL will provide naviga-tion to each route waypoint throug

Active route page with cumulative distance (cum)and desired track (dtk) displayed.SECTION5ROUTESActive Route PageInserting WaypointsActive route page

To delete a waypoint from the active route:1. Press Ctwice, if necessary, to activate the cursor. 2. Use Oto highlight the waypoint you would like to

As you approach a route waypoint, the graphicalCDI will be replaced by a flashing ‘Next dtk xxxº’prompt indicating the desired track of the next leg.W

Section 6Messages and Unit Settings The GNC 250XL’s Mkey provides access to system messages and allows you to customize the unit to your own preferenc

The GNC 250XL’s map page is designed to be a flexible tool that can be custom-tailored to your navigation needs. The map setup page provides access t

The map setup page also allows you to control whether or not the various way-point types and the identifiers for these waypoints are displayed. Setti

When the ‘auto’ CDI setting is selected, the GNC 250XL will automatically change the CDI scale when you are within 30 nm of a departureor arrival airp

The GNC 250XL has threemagnetic variation options:true, auto, or user-defined.To set the magnetic variation:1. Press and hold M, and use Oto display t

viiINTRODUCTIONKey and KnobFunctionsKey and Knob FunctionsBThe power/volume knob controls unit power and radio volume.QThe squelch button activates au

To set the minimum runway length and runway surface:1. Press and hold Mand use Oto display the ‘Nearest apt search’ page.2. Press Ctwice and use Kand

To change the display contrast settings:1. Press and hold Mand rotate Oto show the ‘Display’ page.2. Press Ctwice and use Kto select ‘auto’ or ‘manual

To change the backlighting intensity:1. Press and hold M, and rotate Oto display the ‘Backlight intensity’ page.2. Press Ctwice to highlight the ‘mode

The GNC 250XL can be configured to display data in standard or metric units ofmeasure. These apply to: distance, position, speed, altitude, fuel, pres

The Special Use Airspace settings page will allow you to turn the controlled/restricted airspace message alerts on or off. This will not affect the al

The NavData card contains over 100 map datums for you to use when navigating.By default, your unit calculates positions using the WGS 84 map datum. If

I/O page settingsSECTION6UNIT SETTINGSI/O SettingsThe last page available under the GNC 250XL’s setup menu is the I/O setup page.The I/O setup page le

APPENDIXANAVDATA CARDSaving User DataData card warningAppendix ANavData®and User Data Installation and OperationThe NavData card supplied with your GN

Data transfer pageAPPENDIXANAVDATA CARDSaving User DataRestore data pageTo restore user data from a user data card to the GNC 250XL:1. Install the use

APPENDIXBINSTALLATION &MAINTENANCEAppendix BInstallation, Removal and Maintenance of the GNC 250XLThe aviation rack is designed to allow easy remo